Which of the following compounds is known for its strong acids?

Hydrochloric acid is recognized as a strong acid due to its complete ionization in water. This means that when hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissolves, it fully dissociates into hydrogen ions (H⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻). This characteristic is what makes it a strong electrolyte, contributing to its significant acidic properties in various chemical reactions.

In contrast, the other acids listed do not exhibit the same level of strength. Acetic acid, for example, is a weak acid because it only partially ionizes in solution, which limits its effectiveness in contributing hydrogen ions. Similarly, carbonic acid, often present in carbonated beverages, is also a weak acid that only partially dissociates. Citric acid, found in citrus fruits, is another weak acid that does not fully ionize in solution.

The complete dissociation of hydrochloric acid compared to the partial ionization of the other acids defines its classification as a strong acid and is the reason it stands out in this context.